In Vitro Efficacy Testing Services for Bladder Cancer

We provide robust and sensitive in vitro screening and characterization platforms for accelerating the discovery and screening of potential therapies for Bladder Cancer. Our service offers comprehensive efficacy profiling of candidate compounds using bladder cancer-relevant cellular and molecular models. Key targets include growth factor receptors, immune checkpoints such as PD-1, and androgen receptor pathways, all of which play crucial roles in bladder cancer progression and therapeutic response. We are equipped to assess processes such as tumor cell proliferation, receptor binding, immune modulation, and signal transduction relevant to bladder cancer pathology.

Our in vitro testing portfolio encompasses a wide array of biochemical, cell-based, and binding assays designed to evaluate drug efficacy, mechanism of action, and target engagement in bladder cancer models. These methods enable precise quantification of cellular responses, receptor interactions, and pathway modulation, supporting comprehensive preclinical candidate evaluation.

ATP assay: Measures cellular viability and proliferation by quantifying ATP levels, indicating cytotoxic or cytostatic effects of candidate compounds.

ATP assay (at 0.01 mM): Evaluates compound efficacy at low concentration, providing sensitivity for early potency assessment.

ATP assay (at 1 mM): Assesses compound activity at higher concentrations to determine dose-response relationships.

Biolayer interferometry assay: Analyzes real-time biomolecular interactions, such as ligand-receptor binding kinetics relevant to bladder cancer targets.

Cell counting assay (with charcoal-stripped serum-treated): Quantifies cell proliferation under hormone-depleted conditions, useful for studying androgen or hormone-responsive pathways.

Cells (effector) transfected with PD1: Models immune checkpoint interactions, allowing assessment of immunotherapeutic modulators targeting PD-1.

Chemiluminescent assay: Detects biological activity through luminescence, often used for enzyme or reporter gene assays.

Competitive binding assay: Determines the ability of compounds to displace labeled ligands, providing insights into binding affinity and specificity.

Displacement of [3H]-mibolerone: Measures androgen receptor binding by quantifying displacement of a radiolabeled ligand, relevant for hormone pathway studies.

Dissociation enhanced lanthanide fluorescent immunoassay (DELFIA): Enables highly sensitive detection of biomolecules using time-resolved fluorescence, suitable for receptor-ligand or protein quantification.

ELISA assay: Quantifies proteins, cytokines, or biomarkers in cell supernatants, critical for monitoring cellular responses and signaling events.

Flow cytometry assay: Analyzes cell populations and surface or intracellular markers, facilitating detailed phenotypic and functional characterization.

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) assay: Detects molecular interactions or conformational changes within live cells or in vitro systems.

Fluorescent assay: Measures cellular or enzymatic activity using fluorescent substrates or probes.

Fluorescent polarization assay: Assesses molecular binding events by detecting changes in fluorescence polarization, useful for small molecule or peptide interactions.

Fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS) assay: Allows high-throughput sorting and analysis of distinct cell populations based on fluorescence markers.

Homogeneous Time Resolved Fluorescence (HTRF) assay: Combines FRET and time-resolved fluorescence for sensitive and quantitative detection of biomolecular interactions.

Jurkat human T-cell leukemia cells transfected with PD1/NFAT/luciferase: Provides a functional immune cell model to evaluate effects on PD-1 and downstream signaling.

Jurkat human T-cell leukemia cells transfected with human PD1/NFAT/luciferase: Similar to above, specifically utilizing human PD-1 for assessing human-specific immune responses.

Luciferine/luciferase assay: Measures gene expression or reporter activity via bioluminescence, indicating cellular pathway activation or inhibition.

Poly(L-alanine/L-glutamic acid/L-lysine/L-tyrosine) as substrate: Used in enzymatic assays to evaluate protease or kinase activity relevant to cancer signaling.

Poly(glutamine/tyrosine) peptide as substrate: Serves as a substrate for characterizing enzyme specificity and activity in signaling pathways.

RNA assay: Quantifies gene expression changes in response to treatment, providing insight into mechanism of action and target modulation.

Radioactivity assay: Utilizes radiolabeled compounds for sensitive detection of molecular or cellular events.

Surface plasmon resonance assay: Measures real-time binding kinetics and affinity between molecules, supporting characterization of drug-target interactions.

Transactivation assay: Evaluates the ability of compounds to modulate transcriptional activity of nuclear receptors or transcription factors.

We measure a comprehensive set of pharmacological parameters, including potency, efficacy, binding affinity, and inhibitory concentration, to thoroughly characterize candidate compounds. These parameters are vital for understanding drug activity, optimizing therapeutic windows, and supporting decision-making in lead selection. Accurate parameter measurement ensures reliable prediction of in vivo efficacy and safety.

EC-50: The concentration of a compound that produces 50% of its maximal effect, indicating drug potency.

IC-50: The concentration required to inhibit a specific biological or biochemical function by 50%, widely used to assess inhibitory activity.

Kd: The equilibrium dissociation constant reflecting the affinity between a drug and its target, with lower values indicating stronger binding.

Ki: The inhibition constant representing the potency of an inhibitor binding to an enzyme or receptor, crucial for characterizing competitive inhibitors.

MEC: Minimum effective concentration, the lowest concentration at which a compound exerts a measurable effect, important for dosing considerations.

MIC: Minimum inhibitory concentration, the lowest concentration that prevents detectable growth of target cells or organisms, key for anti-proliferative agents.

pIC-50: The negative logarithm of the IC-50 value, providing a standardized and easily comparable measure of inhibitor potency.

Recommended In Vitro Efficacy Tests

Androgen Receptor

Androgen Receptor (AR) plays a regulatory role in bladder cancer progression, influencing tumor growth and therapy response. AR testing is crucial for identifying drug candidates that modulate AR activity. Our service employs advanced methods—including chemiluminescent, fluorescent, and luciferase assays, transactivation, competitive binding, [3H]-mibolerone displacement, cell counting, and RNA assays—to measure key parameters: EC-50, Ki, MIC, and IC-50, ensuring precise assessment of AR-targeted drug efficacy.

Cd274 Molecule

The Cd274 molecule (PD-L1) is crucial in bladder cancer progression by helping tumor cells evade immune detection. Testing Cd274 is vital for drug development targeting immune checkpoints. Our service utilizes advanced methods—including FACS, flow cytometry, chemiluminescent, fluorescent, SPR, biolayer interferometry, ELISA, and engineered Jurkat T-cell assays—to evaluate drug efficacy. Key parameters measured include IC-50, Kd, MIC, EC-50, and MEC, ensuring robust preclinical immunotherapy assessment.

Dihydrofolate Reductase

Dihydrofolate Reductase (DHFR) is a key enzyme in DNA synthesis, often upregulated in bladder cancer, making it a vital drug target. DHFR testing is crucial for evaluating drug efficacy and resistance. Our service employs enzymatic assays, gene expression analysis, and inhibitor screening. Main parameters assessed include DHFR activity, mRNA/protein levels, and IC50 values for candidate compounds—essential for informed drug development in bladder cancer.

Dna Topoisomerase I

DNA Topoisomerase I is crucial for DNA replication and is often overexpressed in bladder cancer, making it a key drug target. Testing its activity helps evaluate drug efficacy and resistance. Our service uses a sensitive chemiluminescent assay to quantify Topoisomerase I inhibition. The main parameter measured is the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), enabling precise assessment of candidate drug potency during bladder cancer drug development.

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) plays a pivotal role in bladder cancer progression by driving cell proliferation and survival. EGFR testing is essential in drug development to identify and evaluate targeted therapies. Our service utilizes advanced methods—FACS, DELFIA, chemiluminescent, HTRF, FRET, SPR, ELISA, and ATP/fluorescent assays—to assess drug efficacy and interaction. Key parameters measured include IC-50, MIC, Kd, pIC-50, and MEC for comprehensive candidate profiling.

Erb-B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2

Erb-B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 2 (HER2/ERBB2) plays a pivotal role in bladder cancer progression and therapy resistance. Testing its expression and activity is crucial for targeted drug development. Our service utilizes advanced methods—FACS, chemiluminescent, flow cytometry, FRET, surface plasmon resonance, biolayer interferometry, and ELISA assays—to assess key parameters, including MEC, Kd, IC-50, and MIC, enabling precise evaluation of candidate therapeutics.

Fms Related Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 3

Fms Related Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 3 (FLT3) plays a crucial role in bladder cancer progression by promoting cell proliferation and survival. FLT3 testing is vital for identifying potential drug candidates and understanding drug efficacy. We offer FLT3 activity measurement using chemiluminescent, fluorescent, ATP, and ELISA assays, employing Poly(L-alanine/L-glutamic acid/L-lysine/L-tyrosine) as substrate. The main parameter assessed is IC-50, enabling accurate evaluation of inhibitor potency.

Kit Proto-Oncogene, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase

Kit Proto-Oncogene, Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (KIT) plays a crucial role in bladder cancer progression by regulating cell growth and survival. Testing KIT activity is vital for developing targeted therapies. Our service utilizes ELISA and ATP assays to accurately measure KIT function and inhibitor efficacy, with IC-50 determination as the main parameter for drug candidate evaluation, ensuring precise assessment of potential therapeutic compounds.

Receptor Interacting Serine/Threonine Kinase 2

Receptor Interacting Serine/Threonine Kinase 2 (RIPK2) is implicated in inflammation and tumor progression in bladder cancer. Testing RIPK2 activity is crucial for identifying and evaluating novel therapeutics. Our service utilizes sensitive chemiluminescent and ATP assays to measure kinase inhibition, providing precise IC-50 values. This enables rapid and accurate assessment of drug candidates targeting RIPK2, accelerating bladder cancer drug development.